At the end of the 20th century and into the 21st century, the use of headscarves is increasingly lively in the Islamic world, especially in Indonesia. Even so, the practice of veiling still invites controversy in a number of countries in the West, such as France, Britain and America. In these countries the hijab is considered an ancient garment that will curb women's freedom and hinder the progress of Muslims. In this context, headscarves are always associated with political and ideological issues. Even though the obligation of veiling is not a monopoly on Islamic teachings but it is also established in the traditions before Islam. Murtadha Motahhari stated that hijab and veil had been in the midst of some before Islam. The people of Iran in the past, Jewish groups, and also the Indian nation were wearing a headscarf. Headscarves are also used as clothes that are respected by Zaroaster women, Hindus, Jews and Christians.
VOCATIONAL SCHOOL BY ISLAMIC TEACHING
Islam obliges Muslim women to use hijab or hijab, please read here
HIJAB ACCORDING TO JEWISH TEACHING
Prompts for wearing headscarves / veils for Jews:
The Jewish Talmud states:
"If a woman violates the Talmud Shari'a, such as going out into the community without wearing a veil or chattering on public roads or having fun chatting with men of any class, or making loud noises in her house so that her neighbors can hear it, then like that her husband may divorce her without paying her dowry. "[" Al Hijab ", Abul A'la Maududi, h. 6].
A Jewish religious leader, Rabbi Dr. Menachem M. Brayer, Professor of Gospel Literature at Yeshiva University in his book, The Jewish Woman in Rabbinic Literature, writes that clothes for Jewish women when traveling outside the home are wearing a head covering which sometimes even has to close almost the entire face and leave only one eye. In his book he quoted a number of famous ancient Rabbis (priests): "It is not like the daughters of Israel who walked out without a head covering" and "Cursed men who let their hair look," and "The woman who let her hair open to dress up to bring poverty. "
Jewish women in Europe used a veil until the 19th century until they mixed in with secular culture. Today, righteous Jewish women never wear headscarves unless they visit a synagogue (Jewish church). [S.W.Schneider, 1984, p. 238-239].
In Jewish rabbinic law, Jewish women who are married and not veiled are seen as dishonorable women. Jewish rabbinic law also prohibits reading and prayer in front of a married woman without covering her head with a veil because the woman who opens her hair is considered a naked woman. This woman was even considered a woman who ruined her humility and was fined with four hundred zuzim for her offenses. [Ibid, h. 74-75]
The Jewish Shari'a set by Rabbinic law and the Talmud which was believed by the Jews after the Torah, stressed to women to obey and practice it. Even when Jewish women leave their homes and do not wear headscarves, men who see them must reprimand them for veiling. If the man leaves it, then he is damned. So are husbands to their wives. Therefore, it can be said that veiling is a Shari'a that must be upheld in Jewish life.
The headscarf worn by Jewish women is not only a Shari'a that must be obeyed, but also as a symbol of luxury, authority, and the high price of a holy woman, and shows respectable social status. This is confirmed by Menachem M. Brayer that Jewish women's headscarves are not always considered a sign of simplicity or humility, but also a symbol of privilege and luxury, the dignity and superiority of noble women, and describe the high price of women as sacred husbands, as well as prices a woman's self and social status. [ibid, h. 75].
VEHICLE ACCORDING TO NASRANI'S TEACHING
Prompts for wearing headscarves / veils for Christians:
- "... But every woman who prays or prophesies with a head that is not hooded, insults her head, because she is the same as a woman whose hair is shaved. Because if a woman does not want to cover her head, then she must cut her hair too. But if it is an insult to a woman that her hair is cut or shaved, then she must cover her head. Because a man does not need to cover his head: he shines on the image and glory of God. But women shine on the glory of men. Because men do not come from women, but women come from men. And men are not created because of women, but women are created because of men. Therefore, women must wear a sign of authority on their heads because of the angels. However, in God there are no women without men and no men without women. Because just as women come from men, so do men born to women; and everything comes from God. Consider yourself: Should women pray to God with a head that is not hooded? Does not nature itself tell you, that it is disgrace for men, if they have long hair, but that it is an honor for women, if they have long hair? Because hair is given to women to be hoodies ... "
(Corinthians 11: 5-15).
- "... By dusk Isaac was out to take a walk in the field. He glanced at him, so he saw camels coming. Rebekah also looked at him and when he saw Isaac, he came down from his camel. He said to the servant: "Who is this man who walks in the field toward us?" The servant answered: "He is my master." Then Rebekah took his shoulder and held on to him. "
(Genesis / Genesis 24: 63-65)
Veiling in the Christian tradition is not much different from the Jewish tradition. The women around Jesus Christ are veiled or veiled according to the practices of the women around the earlier Prophets. Their clothes are loose and cover their bodies completely. They also veiled to cover their hair. That means that veiled Christian women are a sign of obedience to God. This veiled tradition has even been practiced by Catholic nuns for hundreds of years. ["The Word of Heaven in Islamic, Jewish and Christian Traditions", Sherif Abdel Azeem, (Yogyakarta: Gama Media, 2001), cet. Second, p.76].
HIJAB ACCORDING TO THE HINDU TEACHING
Prompts for wearing headscarves / veils for Hindus:
- "When Brahma passes, when Brahma chooses you to be a woman, you should bow your eyes, you should not look. You have to hide your wrist, and you should not show what is on your wrist. "[Rigveda Book 8 Hymn 33 Verses 19].
- "People should not be indecent, if a husband wears his wife's clothes, she may not wear the opposite sex clothes." [Rigveda Book 10 Hym 85 Verses 30].
"Rama said to Shinta, he ordered that he lower his gaze and wear a veil." [Mahavir Charitra Act 2].
HIJAB / CADAR ACCORDING TO BUDDHA TEACHING
Prompts for wearing headscarves / veils for Buddhists:
During the Buddha's time some women wore the veil even though it was more like the same as a hat than to cover their faces. But around the beginning of the first millennium, veils began to be regarded as appropriate for upper class women and those in the royal household to cover themselves with a veil. This was the beginning of what was called purdah, the alienation of women from the general public, a trend that became more widespread in India with the introduction of Islam in the 13th century. Village women in India are still pulling on their sari covering their faces in front of men who have no connection with them.
Lalitavistara [Sutra], a fantastic life story of the Buddha compiled around the first century BCE and the 3rd century AD, contains an interesting story regarding the issue of women wearing veils. Based on this work, after Yasodhara was chosen to become the wife of Prince Siddhartha, people criticized him for not covering himself with a veil in front of his father and mother-in-law. This is considered a sign of immodesty and infidelity "
Lalitavistara describes the young woman defending herself in the following words:
"Those who are in control of actions and behavior, both in speech, with controlled senses, calm and peaceful, why should they cover their faces? Even if it is covered with a thousand veils, if they are shameless and disrespectful, dishonest and have no virtue, they live in this world without being covered and unprotected. Even without being veiled if their senses and minds are well preserved, they are loyal to one husband, never think of another [man], they shine like the sun and moon. So why do they have to cover their faces? Wise people who [can] read the minds of others know what I mean as well as the gods know my behavior and virtues, my obedience and modesty, Therefore, why should I cover my face? "
Even though this story is doubtful (apocryphal), this is consistent with the Buddha's view that psychological and internal matters are more important than material and external things.